The anchoring heuristic7/18/2023 The use of metrics in situations with great judgment uncertainties may reach its limits, however. The reason for their use is understandable: since no researcher is an expert in all fields within a discipline, it appears reasonable to resort to metrics in cases of fields that are remote from those that are familiar. It is no surprise to read in the paper that bibliometric indicators (especially the popular h index) play a prominent role in the assessments of the candidates. In a recent study analyzing peer review reports, Hammarfelt, Rushforth identified criteria and strategies that reviewers used to decide on candidates for professorships in Sweden. The results of the study may have important implications for quality assessments of papers by researchers and the role of numbers, citations, and journal metrics in assessment processes. Thus, we are interested in whether possible adjustments in the assessments can not only be produced by quality-related information (citation or journal), but also by numbers that are not related to quality, i.e. In the statistical analyses, we estimate how (strongly) the quality assessments of the cited papers are adjusted by the respondents to the anchor value (citation, journal, or access code). The control group will not receive any further numerical information. Some authors will be assigned to three treatment groups that receive further information alongside the cited paper: citation information, information on the publishing journal (journal impact factor), or a numerical access code to enter the survey. The authors are asked to assess the quality of papers that they cited in previous papers. We shall undertake a survey of corresponding authors with an available email address in the Web of Science database. The design of our study is oriented towards the study by Teplitskiy, Duede. We are interested in the question whether citation decisions are (mainly) driven by the quality of cited references. Guessing that someone who is creative, quirky and dressed colorfully is a humanities major.īasing your opinion of someone on things others have said about them or your own bias.In our planned study, we shall empirically study the assessment of cited papers within the framework of the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic. Judging someone’s nationality using only preconceived notions based on the way they look and talk even though you have not spoken to them or learned anything about them. Using representativeness, the participants assumed that Tom was an engineering student even though there were relatively few engineering students at the university where the study was conducted.Īssuming someone is arrogant and self-absorbed because they are reserved, quiet and rarely interact with people. Based on these details, participants were asked to guess Tom’s college major. They characterized him as organized, detail-oriented, competent, and having a strong moral compass. In the original experiment on representativeness heuristic during the 1970s, psychologists Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman gave participants descriptions of a man named Tom. Representativeness heuristic - making a judgment about the likelihood of an event or fact based on preconceived notions or memories of a prototype, stereotype or average There are different types of heuristics that people use as a way to solve a problem or to learn something.Īffect heuristic - when you make a snap judgment based on a quick impressionĪnchoring and adjustment heuristic - forming a bias based on initial information to anchor the point and then using additional information to adjust your findings until an acceptable answer is reachedĪvailability heuristic - when you make a judgment based on the information you have available in your mind, whether from memory or from personal experienceĬommon sense heuristic - applied to a problem based on an individual's observation of a situationįamiliarity heuristic - allows someone to approach an issue or problem based on the fact that the situation is one with which the individual is familiar, and so one should act the same way they acted in the same situation before
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